Residence
5 yrs
Via marriage
~3 yrs
By descent
Parent
Dual citizenship
Allowed
Recent change: The federal government has announced plans to tighten naturalisation rules; check for changes before applying.
Naturalisation by residence
5 years of legal residence plus proof of social and economic integration (work, study or training) and language.
Through marriage
Spouses of Belgian citizens can apply after 3 years of marriage and 3 years of residence together in Belgium.
By descent (ancestry)
Children of a Belgian parent born in Belgium are Belgian; for parents born abroad, registration may be needed before the child turns 5.
Language & tests
Knowledge of Dutch, French or German at A2 level.
Dual citizenship
Belgium allows dual citizenship.
Frequently asked questions
How many years does it take to get Belgium citizenship?
The standard requirement is 5 years. 5 years of legal residence plus proof of social and economic integration (work, study or training) and language.
Does Belgium allow dual citizenship?
Allowed. Belgium allows dual citizenship.
Can I get Belgium citizenship through marriage?
Spouses of Belgian citizens can apply after 3 years of marriage and 3 years of residence together in Belgium.
Can I get Belgium citizenship through my parents or grandparents?
Children of a Belgian parent born in Belgium are Belgian; for parents born abroad, registration may be needed before the child turns 5.
This guide is general information, not legal advice. Requirements change and individual circumstances matter; confirm with Belgian Foreign Affairs or a qualified immigration lawyer before applying.