Residence
5 yrs
Via marriage
~3 yrs
By descent
Parent
Dual citizenship
Not allowed
Naturalisation by residence
5 consecutive years of residence, age 18+, good conduct and stable livelihood.
Through marriage
Spouses of Japanese citizens: 3 years of residence (or 1 year if married for 3 years).
By descent (ancestry)
Children with a Japanese parent are Japanese, but dual nationals must choose one nationality by age 22.
Language & tests
Japanese reading and writing at around elementary school level, assessed in interviews.
Dual citizenship
Japan does not allow dual citizenship for adults; you must give up your previous nationality.
Frequently asked questions
How many years does it take to get Japan citizenship?
The standard requirement is 5 years. 5 consecutive years of residence, age 18+, good conduct and stable livelihood.
Does Japan allow dual citizenship?
Not allowed. Japan does not allow dual citizenship for adults; you must give up your previous nationality.
Can I get Japan citizenship through marriage?
Spouses of Japanese citizens: 3 years of residence (or 1 year if married for 3 years).
Can I get Japan citizenship through my parents or grandparents?
Children with a Japanese parent are Japanese, but dual nationals must choose one nationality by age 22.
This guide is general information, not legal advice. Requirements change and individual circumstances matter; confirm with Ministry of Justice – Nationality or a qualified immigration lawyer before applying.